A cikin Afirka, jerin gazawar ayyukan Rasha ne kawai
Daga Ipole Amajama
A ranar 25 ga Oktoba, 2019, Vladimir Putin, Shugaban Tarayyar Rasha, ya karɓi bakuncin shugabannin ƙasashen Afirka 54 a birnin Sochi mai sanyi. Shugaban Egypt, Janar Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, wanda a lokacin shi ne Shugaban African Union, ya jagoranci taron tare da shi. Taken taron shi ne: “Rasha da Afirka: Gina Alaƙar Tattalin Arziƙi, Ƙirƙirar Ayyuka na Bai-ɗaya”. Baya ga shugabannin ƙasashe, fiye da mutane 3,000 sun halarta. An gabatar da wannan taro a matsayin wani muhimmin mataki na ƙirƙirar yanayi mai kyau domin bunƙasa ciniki da hulɗar tattalin arziƙi tsakanin Afirka da Tarayyar Rasha. Sai dai, bayan shekaru bakwai da aka yi wannan “tarihi”, halin da ake ciki yanzu ya nuna akasin haka.
An kuma bayyana taron a matsayin wani yunƙuri na motsa dangantakar Rasha daga tsaya zuwa ci gaba, a daidai lokacin da ake fama da gasa da rikicin siyasa a duniya. Amma ga masu nazarin harkokin waje, wannan ba komai ba ne face ɗan walƙiya mai saurin gushewa, domin tarihi ya nuna cewa gwamnatin Kremlin kan lalata irin waɗannan yunƙuri ta hanyar cikas na hukumomi, ciki har da rikitarwar siyasa da rashin fifita manufofi. Duk da haka, wasu na cewa janyewar Rasha daga harkokin saka jari na iya kasancewa saboda gazawar shugabannin Afirka wajen samar da yanayi mai kyau ga masu zuba jari. Amma wannan hujja ba ta da ƙarfi idan aka duba yadda manufofi da damar zuba jari daga ƙasashen Yamma ke ci gaba da bunƙasa saboda ana ba su fifiko.
A taron na Sochi, mafi girman alƙawarin Rasha shi ne gina tashoshin makamashin nukiliya a Burkina Faso da kuma South Africa. Shin wannan alkawari talla ne kawai? Ko kuwa shugabannin Afirka sun saba da kalaman da ba su da tabbacin aiwatarwa? A fili yake cewa Kremlin na bin muradunta ne kawai. Misali, bankin gwamnatin Rasha na VTB Bank ya mallaki babban kaso a Banco VTB Africa da ke Angola, amma daga baya ya yanke shawarar rusa bankin duk da cewa yana da kaso mai yawa a kasuwa.
Ga VTB, bai damu da tasirin hakan ga ‘yan Angola ba. Haka ma a South Africa, duk da tsohuwar dangantaka, bayanai sun nuna cewa Rasha na da kaso kaɗan (kusan 2%) kawai a cinikin ƙasar, yayin da Amurka, Birtaniya da Tarayyar Turai ke da kaso mai yawa. Duk da matsalolin tattalin arziƙi da Afirka ta Kudu ke fuskanta, Rasha ba ta taka rawa sosai ba, musamman a batun gina tashoshin nukiliya da ta yi alƙawari.
Ba wai Burkina Faso da Afirka ta Kudu kaɗai ba ne. A Zimbabwe, Rasha ta janye daga yarjejeniyar aikin haƙar platinum mai darajar dala biliyan 3. Ba a bayyana dalilan hakan ba, amma wasu sun danganta shi da rashin kuɗaɗen aiwatarwa.
A Nigeria, abin tunawa mafi girma shi ne kamfanin ƙarfe na Ajaokuta Steel Complex, wanda Rasha ta gina amma har yau bai samar da ƙarfe ko guda ba cikin fiye da shekaru arba’in. Ko da yake ana iya ɗora laifi kan ‘yan Najeriya, amma masu hankali za su fahimci cewa kamfanin da ya gina shi, Tyazhpromexport, ya kamata ya yi hasashen matsalolin da za su taso. Sabuwar yarjejeniyar MoU da aka sanya hannu a 2024 domin farfaɗo da kamfanin na iya zama wata dabara ce kawai.
Shekaru biyu bayan rattaba hannu kan yarjejeniyar, babu wani ci gaba. Wannan ya nuna rashin cika alƙawari daga bangaren Rasha.
Idan ma akwai wani abu da Najeriya ta samu daga Rasha, to shi ne zargin ɗaukar matasa ‘yan Najeriya ta hanyoyin da ba su dace ba domin shiga yaƙe-yaƙe da ba nasu ba.
Wani marubuci, Mark-Anthony Johnson, ya taɓa gargadi cewa Afirka ta Kudu na iya fuskantar matsalar tattalin arziƙi saboda dangantakarta da Rasha, wadda ba ta ƙara mata wani amfani a tattalin arziƙi, samar da ayyukan yi ko ci gaban ƙasa.
Duk da kalaman jami’an Rasha cewa Afirka na da muhimmanci a manufofinsu na ƙasashen waje, a aikace ba a ga hakan ba. Rashin goyon bayan gwamnati da tsare-tsare na gaskiya ya sa kamfanonin Rasha da dama ke janyewa daga Afirka.
A ƙarshe, abin da ya bayyana shi ne cewa, dangantakar Rasha da Afirka cike take da alƙawuran da ba su cika ba, da kuma ayyukan da suka gaza, maimakon ainihin ci gaba da ake fata.
